.. _deploying:

=====================
 Deploying Datasette
=====================

The easiest way to deploy a Datasette instance on the internet is to use the ``datasette publish`` command, described in :ref:`publishing`. This can be used to quickly deploy Datasette to a number of hosting providers including Heroku, Google Cloud Run and Vercel.

You can deploy Datasette to other hosting providers using the instructions on this page.

.. _deploying_fundamentals:

Deployment fundamentals
=======================

Datasette can be deployed as a single ``datasette`` process that listens on a port. Datasette is not designed to be run as root, so that process should listen on a higher port such as port 8000.

If you want to serve Datasette on port 80 (the HTTP default port) or port 443 (for HTTPS) you should run it behind a proxy server, such as nginx, Apache or HAProxy. The proxy server can listen on port 80/443 and forward traffic on to Datasette.

.. _deploying_systemd:

Running Datasette using systemd
===============================

You can run Datasette on Ubuntu or Debian systems using ``systemd``.

First, ensure you have Python 3 and ``pip`` installed. On Ubuntu you can use ``sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip``.

You can install Datasette into a virtual environment, or you can install it system-wide. To install system-wide, use ``sudo pip3 install datasette``.

Now create a folder for your Datasette databases, for example using ``mkdir /home/ubuntu/datasette-root``.

You can copy a test database into that folder like so::

    cd /home/ubuntu/datasette-root
    curl -O https://latest.datasette.io/fixtures.db

Create a file at ``/etc/systemd/system/datasette.service`` with the following contents:

.. code-block:: ini

    [Unit]
    Description=Datasette
    After=network.target

    [Service]
    Type=simple
    User=ubuntu
    Environment=DATASETTE_SECRET=
    WorkingDirectory=/home/ubuntu/datasette-root
    ExecStart=datasette serve . -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8000
    Restart=on-failure

    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

Add a random value for the ``DATASETTE_SECRET`` - this will be used to sign Datasette cookies such as the CSRF token cookie. You can generate a suitable value like so::

    $ python3 -c 'import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(32))'

This configuration will run Datasette against all database files contained in the ``/home/ubunt/datasette-root`` directory. If that directory contains a ``metadata.yml`` (or ``.json``) file or a ``templates/`` or ``plugins/`` sub-directory those will automatically be loaded by Datasette - see :ref:`config_dir` for details.

You can start the Datasette process running using the following::

    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl start datasette.service

You can confirm that Datasette is running on port 8000 like so::

    curl 127.0.01:8000/-/versions.json
    # Should output JSON showing the installed version

Datasette will not be accessible from outside the server because it is listening on ``127.0.0.1``. You can expose it by instead listening on ``0.0.0.0``, but a better way is to set up a proxy such as ``nginx``.

Ubuntu offer `a tutorial on installing nginx <https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-and-configure-nginx#1-overview>`__. Once it is installed you can add configuration to proxy traffic through to Datasette that looks like this::

    server {
        server_name mysubdomain.myhost.net;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
    }