.. _theming-pelican:
How to create themes for Pelican
################################
Pelican uses the great `Jinja2 `_ templating engine to
generate its HTML output. Jinja2 syntax is really simple. If you want to
create your own theme, feel free to take inspiration from the `"simple" theme
`_.
Structure
=========
To make your own theme, you must follow the following structure::
├── static
│ ├── css
│ └── images
└── templates
├── archives.html // to display archives
├── article.html // processed for each article
├── author.html // processed for each author
├── authors.html // must list all the authors
├── categories.html // must list all the categories
├── category.html // processed for each category
├── index.html // the index. List all the articles
├── page.html // processed for each page
├── tag.html // processed for each tag
└── tags.html // must list all the tags. Can be a tag cloud.
* `static` contains all the static assets, which will be copied to the output
`theme/static` folder. I've put the CSS and image folders here, but they are
just examples. Put what you need here.
* `templates` contains all the templates that will be used to generate the content.
I've just put the mandatory templates here; you can define your own if it helps
you keep things organized while creating your theme.
Templates and variables
=======================
The idea is to use a simple syntax that you can embed into your HTML pages.
This document describes which templates should exist in a theme, and which
variables will be passed to each template at generation time.
All templates will receive the variables defined in your settings file, if they
are in all-caps. You can access them directly.
Common variables
----------------
All of these settings will be available to all templates.
============= ===================================================
Variable Description
============= ===================================================
articles The list of articles, ordered descending by date
All the elements are `Article` objects, so you can
access their attributes (e.g. title, summary, author
etc.)
dates The same list of articles, but ordered by date,
ascending
tags A key-value dict containing the tags (the keys) and
the list of respective articles (the values)
categories A key-value dict containing the categories (keys)
and the list of respective articles (values)
pages The list of pages
============= ===================================================
index.html
----------
This is the home page of your blog, generated at output/index.html.
If pagination is active, subsequent pages will reside in output/index`n`.html.
=================== ===================================================
Variable Description
=================== ===================================================
articles_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles
articles_page The current page of articles
dates_paginator A paginator object for the article list, ordered by
date, ascending.
dates_page The current page of articles, ordered by date,
ascending.
page_name 'index' -- useful for pagination links
=================== ===================================================
author.html
-------------
This template will be processed for each of the existing authors, with
output generated at output/author/`author_name`.html.
If pagination is active, subsequent pages will reside at
output/author/`author_name``n`.html.
=================== ===================================================
Variable Description
=================== ===================================================
author The name of the author being processed
articles Articles by this author
dates Articles by this author, but ordered by date,
ascending
articles_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles
articles_page The current page of articles
dates_paginator A paginator object for the article list, ordered by
date, ascending.
dates_page The current page of articles, ordered by date,
ascending.
page_name 'author/`author_name`' -- useful for pagination
links
=================== ===================================================
category.html
-------------
This template will be processed for each of the existing categories, with
output generated at output/category/`category_name`.html.
If pagination is active, subsequent pages will reside at
output/category/`category_name``n`.html.
=================== ===================================================
Variable Description
=================== ===================================================
category The name of the category being processed
articles Articles for this category
dates Articles for this category, but ordered by date,
ascending
articles_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles
articles_page The current page of articles
dates_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles,
ordered by date, ascending
dates_page The current page of articles, ordered by date,
ascending
page_name 'category/`category_name`' -- useful for pagination
links
=================== ===================================================
article.html
-------------
This template will be processed for each article, with .html files saved
as output/`article_name`.html. Here are the specific variables it gets.
============= ===================================================
Variable Description
============= ===================================================
article The article object to be displayed
category The name of the category for the current article
============= ===================================================
page.html
---------
This template will be processed for each page, with corresponding .html files
saved as output/`page_name`.html.
============= ===================================================
Variable Description
============= ===================================================
page The page object to be displayed. You can access its
title, slug, and content.
============= ===================================================
tag.html
--------
This template will be processed for each tag, with corresponding .html files
saved as output/tag/`tag_name`.html.
If pagination is active, subsequent pages will reside at
output/tag/`tag_name``n`.html.
=================== ===================================================
Variable Description
=================== ===================================================
tag The name of the tag being processed
articles Articles related to this tag
dates Articles related to this tag, but ordered by date,
ascending
articles_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles
articles_page The current page of articles
dates_paginator A paginator object for the list of articles,
ordered by date, ascending
dates_page The current page of articles, ordered by date,
ascending
page_name 'tag/`tag_name`' -- useful for pagination links
=================== ===================================================
Inheritance
===========
Since version 3.0, Pelican supports inheritance from the ``simple`` theme, so
you can re-use the ``simple`` theme templates in your own themes.
If one of the mandatory files in the ``templates/`` directory of your theme is
missing, it will be replaced by the matching template from the ``simple`` theme.
So if the HTML structure of a template in the ``simple`` theme is right for you,
you don't have to write a new template from scratch.
You can also extend templates from the ``simple`` themes in your own themes by using the ``{% extends %}`` directive as in the following example:
.. code-block:: html+jinja
{% extends "!simple/index.html" %}
{% extends "index.html" %}
Example
-------
With this system, it is possible to create a theme with just two files.
base.html
"""""""""
The first file is the ``templates/base.html`` template:
.. code-block:: html+jinja
{% extends "!simple/base.html" %}
{% block head %}
{{ super() }}
{% endblock %}
1. On the first line, we extend the ``base.html`` template from the ``simple`` theme, so we don't have to rewrite the entire file.
2. On the third line, we open the ``head`` block which has already been defined in the ``simple`` theme.
3. On the fourth line, the function ``super()`` keeps the content previously inserted in the ``head`` block.
4. On the fifth line, we append a stylesheet to the page.
5. On the last line, we close the ``head`` block.
This file will be extended by all the other templates, so the stylesheet will be linked from all pages.
style.css
"""""""""
The second file is the ``static/css/style.css`` CSS stylesheet:
.. code-block:: css
body {
font-family : monospace ;
font-size : 100% ;
background-color : white ;
color : #111 ;
width : 80% ;
min-width : 400px ;
min-height : 200px ;
padding : 1em ;
margin : 5% 10% ;
border : thin solid gray ;
border-radius : 5px ;
display : block ;
}
a:link { color : blue ; text-decoration : none ; }
a:hover { color : blue ; text-decoration : underline ; }
a:visited { color : blue ; }
h1 a { color : inherit !important }
h2 a { color : inherit !important }
h3 a { color : inherit !important }
h4 a { color : inherit !important }
h5 a { color : inherit !important }
h6 a { color : inherit !important }
pre {
margin : 2em 1em 2em 4em ;
}
#menu li {
display : inline ;
}
#post-list {
margin-bottom : 1em ;
margin-top : 1em ;
}
Download
""""""""
You can download this example theme :download:`here <_static/theme-basic.zip>`.