diff --git a/perf/request-response/README.md b/perf/request-response/README.md
index faed686b..857974c7 100644
--- a/perf/request-response/README.md
+++ b/perf/request-response/README.md
@@ -312,6 +312,142 @@ What this shows:
   monkeypatched in `tools/serve_variant.py`. It is not in `ALL-combined.diff`
   and contributes about 3%.
 
+## Free-threaded Python 3.15 and the table-page extras
+
+Table pages resolve about 30 "extras" (count, facets, suggested facets,
+display columns and so on) through asyncinject with `parallel=True`, so each
+extra is its own asyncio task and several SQL queries are in flight at once.
+On the GIL build, making them sequential (`Registry(parallel=False)`) was
+16–21% faster. This section asks why, and whether free-threaded Python
+changes the answer.
+
+**Setup.** `uv python install 3.15t` gives `3.15.0b4` free-threaded. Every
+dependency installed from wheels (pydantic-core, PyYAML, MarkupSafe and
+sqlite3 all declare free-threading support), and `sys._is_gil_enabled()`
+stays `False` after Datasette starts and serves pages. **The full test
+suite passes on the free-threaded build: 2829 passed**, the same as the GIL
+build.
+
+The benchmark added a 500,000-row table (`BIGDB=1`), so the count and facet
+queries do real SQLite work, plus `CONCURRENCY=8` to keep 8 requests in
+flight. Each cell is ms per page, from 5 interleaved rounds, with all
+patches applied (`ALL-combined.diff`). Each "parallel / sequential" pair was
+measured interleaved in the same run. Different rows come from different
+runs, so compare across rows with about ±10% allowance.
+
+One request at a time (latency):
+
+| Build, SQL threads | Extras | Table page | 100-row page | 500k-row page | 500k, 2 facets |
+|---|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
+| GIL, 3 (default) | parallel | 36.2 | 27.7 | 37.6 | 429 |
+| GIL, 3 (default) | sequential | **30.0** | **21.9** | **30.5** | 429 |
+| GIL, 1 | parallel | **28.4** | **21.7** | 31.2 | 433 |
+| GIL, 1 | sequential | 29.5 | 25.8 | 34.7 | 427 |
+| Free-threaded, 3 | parallel | 33.8 | 26.7 | **36.3** | 419 |
+| Free-threaded, 3 | sequential | 33.4 | 26.9 | 40.4 | 437 |
+| Free-threaded, 8 | parallel | 35.0 | 28.8 | 36.4 | 419 |
+| Free-threaded, 8 | sequential | 29.8 | 30.1 | 38.9 | 440 |
+
+8 requests in flight (ms per page = wall time ÷ pages served):
+
+| Build, SQL threads | Extras | Table page | 100-row page | 500k-row page | 500k, 2 facets |
+|---|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
+| GIL, 3 (default) | parallel | 42.0 | 35.1 | 48.1 | 167 |
+| GIL, 3 (default) | sequential | 42.0 | 30.9 | 44.5 | 163 |
+| GIL, 1 | parallel | 22.3 | 19.4 | 26.4 | 424 |
+| GIL, 1 | sequential | 22.5 | 19.5 | 28.0 | 427 |
+| Free-threaded, 3 | parallel | 13.4 | 15.7 | 18.6 | 153 |
+| Free-threaded, 3 | sequential | 12.4 | 14.9 | 19.6 | 146 |
+| Free-threaded, 8 | parallel | 15.2 | 15.9 | **17.2** | **72** |
+| Free-threaded, 8 | sequential | 14.9 | 15.1 | 19.7 | 72 |
+
+Without the patches the picture is the same: on the GIL build sequential
+extras were 14–16% faster on the table and 500k-row pages, and on the
+free-threaded build they were level or 8–13% slower. Under load the
+unpatched table page went from 55.9 ms per page (GIL) to 20.3 ms
+(free-threaded).
+
+### Why parallel extras were slower on the GIL build
+
+It is GIL contention between the SQL worker threads, not the extras
+machinery.
+
+- Python's `sqlite3` releases the GIL around each `sqlite3_step()` and takes
+  it back for every row. Datasette also sets a Python `text_factory`, which
+  runs for every TEXT value. A query that fetches rows therefore wants the GIL
+  constantly.
+- When parallel extras put several queries on the 3-thread pool at once,
+  those threads and the event loop fight over the GIL. Each contended
+  hand-off is a futex wait plus a context switch, and the same work costs
+  far more CPU.
+- **The 3.15 sampler shows it directly.** In `--mode cpu -a` profiles of the
+  table page on the GIL build, sampled CPU per page was 57 ms with parallel
+  extras against 33 ms sequential. The SQL worker function
+  (`sql_operation_in_thread`, with the C sqlite calls charged to it) cost
+  14.5 ms per page against 6.9 ms. On the free-threaded build both were about
+  32 ms.
+- **Shrinking the switch interval tenfold barely helps:** sequential still
+  won by 13% at 0.5 ms, against 17% at the default 5 ms. So the cost is the
+  per-row hand-offs, not the 5 ms interval.
+- `tools/micro_gather.py` isolates it. It runs the same `db.execute()` 10 at
+  a time with `asyncio.gather` instead of one at a time, and reports CPU per
+  query relative to sequential:
+
+| `num_sql_threads` | GIL build | Free-threaded |
+|---|---:|---:|
+| 1 | ×0.57–1.07 | ×0.67–0.78 |
+| 3 (default) | **×2.3–5.0** | ×0.62–0.77 |
+| 8 | **×3.6–31.5** | ×0.60–0.83 |
+
+  With one SQL thread there is no contention, and the GIL penalty
+  disappears. With 8 threads it collapses: ten concurrent 100-row queries
+  take 9.2 ms each instead of 0.5 ms. On the free-threaded build, running
+  queries together is always cheaper per query. Per-query wall time drops
+  2.3–4.3× with 3 threads.
+
+### What this means for the extras question
+
+- **The sequential-extras win is an artefact of the GIL plus a multi-thread
+  SQL pool.** On the free-threaded build, parallel and sequential extras are
+  level within about ±5% on most pages, with no consistent winner: the
+  500k-row page favours parallel by 7–11%, and with 8 threads the small table
+  page favours sequential by 15%. With 1 SQL thread on the GIL build,
+  parallel extras *beat* sequential (sequential is 19% slower on the
+  100-row page). So
+  `critic-3-extras-sequential` should not land as written.
+- **`patches/extras-parallel-only-without-gil.diff`** is the targeted
+  version. It resolves extras in parallel only when `sys._is_gil_enabled()`
+  is false, checked when each registry is first built, so the setting
+  follows the GIL if a later extension import turns it back on. That gives
+  the best-measured arm with the default 3 threads on each build. The full
+  suite passes with it on the GIL build, where its behaviour changes.
+- **The bigger lever on GIL builds is the thread pool itself.** One SQL
+  thread nearly doubled table-page throughput under load (42.0 → 22.3 ms per
+  page). It removes contention between concurrent *requests*, not just
+  between one request's extras. But it serialises long SQLite-bound queries:
+  the 500k-row facet page went from 167 to 424 ms per page. Neither default
+  suits both workloads. Reducing per-row GIL traffic would help either way:
+  dropping the Python `text_factory` for a plain `str` with a fallback on
+  decode errors, the completeness critic's item 8.
+- **Free-threading is the largest throughput change measured in this whole
+  study.** With 8 in flight it served table pages 2.2–3.1× faster than the
+  GIL build with the default pool. Heavy SQLite queries scaled with threads:
+  the 500k-row facet page took 72 ms per page with 8 threads, against 167 ms
+  on the GIL build. The single-request cost is pure-Python overhead: light
+  requests were 40–70% slower (redirect 94 → 160 µs), and single table pages
+  were 11–22% slower than the best GIL configuration. It would pay off for busy deployments and cost a little for
+  quiet ones.
+
+**Correctness under real parallelism.** `tools/ft_stress.py` sent 800
+requests with 16 in flight to 8 table pages on the free-threaded build.
+The pages covered the fixtures tables, the 500k-row table and a named
+in-memory database (the case behind #2189), all with parallel extras. It
+compared every response with the first. That was 3,200 responses across both
+trees and 3 or 8 SQL threads, with **zero failures**. The GIL-build control
+lost one suggested facet in 800 requests: a suggestion query exceeded the
+50 ms `facet_suggest_time_limit_ms` under contention. Suggested facets can
+vary under load on GIL builds for the same reason.
+
 ## Bugs found along the way
 
 Fixed by the patches above:
@@ -360,11 +496,11 @@ not adversarially reviewed or carrying a trade-off to decide first:
   8–13% of server CPU on light requests.
 - **Send `Content-Length` on non-streaming responses.** About 3% end to end.
   It also gives clients sizes and progress.
-- `critic-3-extras-sequential`: table HTML resolves about 30 "extras" as
-  concurrent asyncio tasks (asyncinject `parallel=True`). Running them
-  sequentially measured −18 to −20% on table HTML. This contradicts
-  `run_sequential` in `table.py` (#2189), but the count and facet queries
-  may genuinely benefit from overlapping on large tables.
+- `critic-3-extras-sequential`: always resolve table-page extras
+  sequentially. It measured −16 to −21% on GIL builds, but see
+  [the free-threading section](#free-threaded-python-315-and-the-table-page-extras).
+  The win comes from GIL contention in the SQL pool and disappears on
+  free-threaded Python, so prefer `patches/extras-parallel-only-without-gil.diff`.
 - `critic-5-request-scoped-introspection-memo`: foreign keys are
   introspected 5×, and primary keys and `PRAGMA schema_version` 2×, per
   table HTML request. A request-scoped memo plus a one-trip prefetch
diff --git a/perf/request-response/patches/extras-parallel-only-without-gil.diff b/perf/request-response/patches/extras-parallel-only-without-gil.diff
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dd719ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/patches/extras-parallel-only-without-gil.diff
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+diff --git a/datasette/extras.py b/datasette/extras.py
+index fb8c2e0..0e2fbe5 100644
+--- a/datasette/extras.py
++++ b/datasette/extras.py
+@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
+ import re
++import sys
+ from dataclasses import dataclass
+ from enum import Enum
+ from typing import ClassVar
+@@ -8,6 +9,16 @@ from asyncinject import Registry
+ from datasette.utils.asgi import BadRequest
+ 
+ 
++def _resolve_extras_in_parallel():
++    # With the GIL, resolving extras concurrently puts several queries on the
++    # SQL thread pool at once, and the workers then contend for the GIL on
++    # every fetched row - measured at 2-5x the CPU of running them one at a
++    # time. On a free-threaded build concurrent queries run in parallel.
++    # Checked when a registry is built, since importing an extension module
++    # without free-threading support can turn the GIL back on.
++    return not getattr(sys, "_is_gil_enabled", lambda: True)()
++
++
+ def extra_names_from_request(request):
+     extra_bits = request.args.getlist("_extra")
+     extras = set()
+@@ -96,7 +107,7 @@ class ExtraRegistry:
+     def _registry_for_scope(self, scope):
+         registry = self._scope_registries.get(scope)
+         if registry is None:
+-            registry = Registry()
++            registry = Registry(parallel=_resolve_extras_in_parallel())
+             for cls in self.classes_for_scope(scope):
+                 registry.register(cls().resolve, name=cls.key())
+             self._scope_registries[scope] = registry
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20377e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 43871.0,
+   "runs": [
+    43871.0,
+    44357.7,
+    43599.5,
+    46125.5,
+    40705.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 44955.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    44955.6,
+    44273.6,
+    45696.8,
+    47558.6,
+    41993.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 43309.3,
+   "runs": [
+    44124.8,
+    43309.3,
+    45309.1,
+    37084.8,
+    34109.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 42346.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    42346.3,
+    42882.1,
+    44283.5,
+    36386.3,
+    34457.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 33837.3,
+   "runs": [
+    36948.0,
+    29868.1,
+    37668.5,
+    33837.3,
+    31009.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 35728.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    38348.6,
+    31307.0,
+    37755.8,
+    35728.0,
+    32834.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 33373.5,
+   "runs": [
+    36819.7,
+    34901.3,
+    25410.0,
+    31811.8,
+    33373.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 31976.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36969.7,
+    34372.7,
+    25878.1,
+    30504.9,
+    31976.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 40415.2,
+   "runs": [
+    45496.2,
+    40415.2,
+    39221.5,
+    43562.6,
+    37436.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66669
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 42918.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    48015.0,
+    42918.7,
+    41740.9,
+    45991.0,
+    39111.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 43468.4,
+   "runs": [
+    40910.3,
+    45526.4,
+    46428.0,
+    40650.6,
+    43468.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 42619.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    40387.7,
+    43968.0,
+    45368.3,
+    39635.3,
+    42619.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 26724.4,
+   "runs": [
+    29658.8,
+    27078.3,
+    26223.9,
+    26724.4,
+    24932.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28701.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    30590.0,
+    29155.1,
+    28155.5,
+    28701.9,
+    27614.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 26867.7,
+   "runs": [
+    30034.6,
+    34023.5,
+    22900.1,
+    26867.7,
+    21389.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 25400.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    29599.6,
+    32881.4,
+    22562.8,
+    25400.8,
+    21336.0
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 49135.6,
+   "runs": [
+    53062.1,
+    49135.6,
+    42865.2,
+    55607.8,
+    47956.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 51199.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    54519.9,
+    51199.6,
+    44761.0,
+    56466.6,
+    50410.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 55371.8,
+   "runs": [
+    51639.3,
+    65047.1,
+    56713.3,
+    55371.8,
+    51062.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 53922.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    50314.5,
+    59773.9,
+    55420.1,
+    53922.4,
+    49771.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 36299.8,
+   "runs": [
+    37940.7,
+    36299.8,
+    33726.9,
+    37396.5,
+    32461.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 36634.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    39646.9,
+    36634.8,
+    35441.4,
+    39186.1,
+    33450.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 40371.8,
+   "runs": [
+    44281.8,
+    40371.8,
+    34935.8,
+    36150.2,
+    41274.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 38581.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    43356.8,
+    39186.1,
+    33863.6,
+    35311.4,
+    38581.7
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 436276.1,
+   "runs": [
+    439074.1,
+    435315.7,
+    436276.1,
+    444049.6,
+    431548.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 449273.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    453009.3,
+    449273.4,
+    449240.9,
+    456523.5,
+    444008.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 451279.6,
+   "runs": [
+    455576.6,
+    456216.7,
+    451060.6,
+    451033.3,
+    451279.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 445378.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    446964.4,
+    449458.5,
+    445378.8,
+    443124.3,
+    444085.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 418904.4,
+   "runs": [
+    427159.2,
+    418904.4,
+    420496.0,
+    415503.1,
+    415558.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 427476.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    436970.9,
+    427476.8,
+    427571.8,
+    427279.8,
+    426346.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 437213.3,
+   "runs": [
+    439106.4,
+    439541.8,
+    435953.7,
+    433532.4,
+    437213.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 431081.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    434441.7,
+    434451.3,
+    428971.5,
+    428830.8,
+    431081.8
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 206230.7,
+   "runs": [
+    207105.5,
+    204980.3,
+    209447.8,
+    206230.7,
+    203319.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 214626.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    215387.1,
+    213953.6,
+    220001.8,
+    214626.2,
+    211076.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 220080.8,
+   "runs": [
+    219032.3,
+    223417.9,
+    219964.5,
+    220080.8,
+    228293.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 216250.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    216097.5,
+    217030.6,
+    216250.8,
+    215577.1,
+    223218.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 207025.7,
+   "runs": [
+    207025.7,
+    210685.9,
+    209470.6,
+    200896.8,
+    199705.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 215221.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    215221.7,
+    217835.4,
+    217475.4,
+    208773.7,
+    205521.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 215655.5,
+   "runs": [
+    216749.0,
+    211619.4,
+    213081.2,
+    215655.5,
+    217202.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 212518.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    213552.7,
+    208046.7,
+    210516.6,
+    212518.2,
+    212905.8
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56b0f2fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   43871.0us  43309.3us    -1%  33837.3us   -23%  33373.5us   -24%
+table_html_100               40415.2us  43468.4us    +8%  26724.4us   -34%  26867.7us   -34%
+big_html                     49135.6us  55371.8us   +13%  36299.8us   -26%  40371.8us   -18%
+big_facets_html             436276.1us 451279.6us    +3% 418904.4us    -4% 437213.3us    +0%
+big_json_extras             206230.7us 220080.8us    +7% 207025.7us    +0% 215655.5us    +5%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   44955.6us  42346.3us    -6%  35728.0us   -21%  31976.5us   -29%
+table_html_100               42918.7us  42619.1us    -1%  28701.9us   -33%  25400.8us   -41%
+big_html                     51199.6us  53922.4us    +5%  36634.8us   -28%  38581.7us   -25%
+big_facets_html             449273.4us 445378.8us    -1% 427476.8us    -5% 431081.8us    -4%
+big_json_extras             214626.2us 216250.8us    +1% 215221.7us    +0% 212518.2us    -1%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html_100: {'base': (200, 66669), 'base_seq': (200, 66670), 'combined': (200, 66670), 'combined_seq': (200, 66670)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_facets_html: {'base': (200, 90956), 'base_seq': (200, 90956), 'combined': (200, 87157), 'combined_seq': (200, 87157)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_json_extras: {'base': (200, 14468), 'base_seq': (200, 17428), 'combined': (200, 17428), 'combined_seq': (200, 17428)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3245d3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.json
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 20267.3,
+   "runs": [
+    17824.2,
+    18769.6,
+    22057.6,
+    24516.7,
+    20267.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 32450.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    31775.3,
+    29979.2,
+    35008.3,
+    37576.5,
+    32450.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 19539.0,
+   "runs": [
+    19639.6,
+    19108.7,
+    18292.1,
+    20280.5,
+    19539.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 32815.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    32119.9,
+    32815.1,
+    30286.8,
+    33823.2,
+    33970.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 13410.0,
+   "runs": [
+    13410.0,
+    13056.2,
+    21626.6,
+    13048.4,
+    14432.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 23373.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    23210.4,
+    21937.1,
+    32830.6,
+    23373.6,
+    23411.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 12370.8,
+   "runs": [
+    14722.4,
+    11785.0,
+    12370.8,
+    11908.6,
+    15040.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 22529.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    23879.5,
+    22529.8,
+    20463.5,
+    20546.3,
+    25056.6
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 25633.7,
+   "runs": [
+    24087.7,
+    30387.1,
+    26492.7,
+    25633.7,
+    24190.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 37758.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36036.3,
+    44986.8,
+    37758.4,
+    37795.1,
+    36558.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 26993.9,
+   "runs": [
+    24664.7,
+    32562.4,
+    32042.7,
+    26993.9,
+    23133.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 38652.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36417.6,
+    44246.5,
+    44041.6,
+    38652.7,
+    35637.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 15667.6,
+   "runs": [
+    17574.8,
+    16396.4,
+    15667.6,
+    13536.7,
+    12991.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 25699.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27439.0,
+    26509.2,
+    25699.8,
+    22217.2,
+    21951.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 14860.7,
+   "runs": [
+    19064.2,
+    14860.7,
+    14254.0,
+    14243.9,
+    15110.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66669
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 23044.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27186.8,
+    23044.6,
+    22320.8,
+    22918.9,
+    23502.3
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 32140.0,
+   "runs": [
+    32140.0,
+    34334.2,
+    28244.8,
+    32493.7,
+    27560.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 47521.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    48246.2,
+    50265.1,
+    43771.2,
+    47521.9,
+    42252.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 30629.3,
+   "runs": [
+    29346.8,
+    32889.4,
+    30629.3,
+    31312.6,
+    30617.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 45540.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    44127.0,
+    49658.2,
+    46226.1,
+    44117.0,
+    45540.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 18564.9,
+   "runs": [
+    19051.5,
+    18564.9,
+    16456.9,
+    18316.0,
+    20369.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 30912.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    30752.6,
+    30912.8,
+    27671.4,
+    31376.5,
+    31901.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 19607.1,
+   "runs": [
+    26335.5,
+    18041.0,
+    19607.1,
+    19277.8,
+    19931.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 30503.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    41075.8,
+    29880.9,
+    30232.3,
+    30503.3,
+    30942.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 153071.4,
+   "runs": [
+    146930.2,
+    156584.7,
+    150042.2,
+    153071.4,
+    155761.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 430757.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    426345.6,
+    442366.1,
+    430757.7,
+    430266.8,
+    439000.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 156348.8,
+   "runs": [
+    157725.3,
+    156348.8,
+    150967.2,
+    151371.0,
+    156878.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 436700.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    440248.7,
+    436700.9,
+    429677.8,
+    433221.0,
+    439827.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 152529.7,
+   "runs": [
+    151653.5,
+    160218.3,
+    152529.7,
+    145625.5,
+    158308.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 416349.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    414815.4,
+    432270.0,
+    415925.8,
+    416349.0,
+    426514.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 146384.6,
+   "runs": [
+    150181.9,
+    146384.6,
+    145943.2,
+    143131.7,
+    146798.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 418970.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    417535.6,
+    422411.5,
+    418970.1,
+    413217.3,
+    419294.7
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 69360.6,
+   "runs": [
+    67398.6,
+    69360.6,
+    67826.1,
+    70117.1,
+    70229.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 205427.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    201451.8,
+    208433.4,
+    204163.1,
+    207793.2,
+    205427.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 74573.0,
+   "runs": [
+    76157.2,
+    75542.2,
+    74573.0,
+    71768.8,
+    70216.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 211874.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    211874.2,
+    212395.8,
+    215329.4,
+    206496.5,
+    200192.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 71468.6,
+   "runs": [
+    68738.3,
+    71647.6,
+    71824.1,
+    70178.0,
+    71468.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 200218.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    200218.6,
+    207698.2,
+    198219.4,
+    200121.5,
+    204259.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 71755.9,
+   "runs": [
+    71755.9,
+    73599.3,
+    72803.9,
+    69703.6,
+    69141.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 203118.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    203118.1,
+    204780.2,
+    206865.2,
+    197732.3,
+    198824.2
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..99c9b11d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_c8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   20267.3us  19539.0us    -4%  13410.0us   -34%  12370.8us   -39%
+table_html_100               25633.7us  26993.9us    +5%  15667.6us   -39%  14860.7us   -42%
+big_html                     32140.0us  30629.3us    -5%  18564.9us   -42%  19607.1us   -39%
+big_facets_html             153071.4us 156348.8us    +2% 152529.7us    -0% 146384.6us    -4%
+big_json_extras              69360.6us  74573.0us    +8%  71468.6us    +3%  71755.9us    +3%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   32450.7us  32815.1us    +1%  23373.6us   -28%  22529.8us   -31%
+table_html_100               37758.4us  38652.7us    +2%  25699.8us   -32%  23044.6us   -39%
+big_html                     47521.9us  45540.3us    -4%  30912.8us   -35%  30503.3us   -36%
+big_facets_html             430757.7us 436700.9us    +1% 416349.0us    -3% 418970.1us    -3%
+big_json_extras             205427.7us 211874.2us    +3% 200218.6us    -3% 203118.1us    -1%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html_100: {'base': (200, 66670), 'base_seq': (200, 66670), 'combined': (200, 66670), 'combined_seq': (200, 66669)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f2553a1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 34975.8,
+   "runs": [
+    39357.6,
+    31788.5,
+    33903.6,
+    34975.8,
+    35074.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 35247.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    41014.2,
+    33136.0,
+    35247.5,
+    35037.7,
+    36566.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 29762.6,
+   "runs": [
+    28785.2,
+    29762.6,
+    33021.0,
+    37197.3,
+    27900.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28326.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27729.0,
+    28326.2,
+    32473.6,
+    35277.5,
+    27930.3
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 28804.9,
+   "runs": [
+    28804.9,
+    29074.0,
+    23106.0,
+    28942.2,
+    24640.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 29970.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    29970.0,
+    31507.7,
+    25005.7,
+    30548.5,
+    26688.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 30127.7,
+   "runs": [
+    30127.7,
+    30685.7,
+    24992.2,
+    31707.4,
+    23042.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 29178.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    29178.3,
+    29644.8,
+    24398.9,
+    30427.8,
+    22852.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 36421.8,
+   "runs": [
+    36421.8,
+    33125.6,
+    42760.8,
+    35308.8,
+    36826.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86458
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 36884.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36596.8,
+    34704.8,
+    43465.7,
+    36884.2,
+    38710.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 38917.1,
+   "runs": [
+    42625.8,
+    42171.0,
+    38625.6,
+    37974.8,
+    38917.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 38048.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    41169.5,
+    41111.7,
+    35976.1,
+    36922.5,
+    38048.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 418525.9,
+   "runs": [
+    418583.0,
+    422842.6,
+    417112.4,
+    417463.1,
+    418525.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 427737.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    428553.8,
+    429643.4,
+    425837.3,
+    422867.2,
+    427737.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 440381.0,
+   "runs": [
+    440472.6,
+    449913.2,
+    440381.0,
+    439167.4,
+    438127.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 433207.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    433207.1,
+    439543.5,
+    433958.2,
+    431820.4,
+    430869.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 205540.5,
+   "runs": [
+    205030.0,
+    206769.0,
+    205703.8,
+    205540.5,
+    205150.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 212786.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    211042.5,
+    213575.7,
+    212786.6,
+    213859.4,
+    211107.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 214527.8,
+   "runs": [
+    214527.8,
+    212318.8,
+    212776.0,
+    217214.6,
+    216249.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 211274.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    211274.8,
+    207165.6,
+    209016.9,
+    211738.7,
+    213587.1
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7cd7cb15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   34975.8us  29762.6us   -15%
+table_html_100               28804.9us  30127.7us    +5%
+big_html                     36421.8us  38917.1us    +7%
+big_facets_html             418525.9us 440381.0us    +5%
+big_json_extras             205540.5us 214527.8us    +4%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   35247.5us  28326.2us   -20%
+table_html_100               29970.0us  29178.3us    -3%
+big_html                     36884.2us  38048.2us    +3%
+big_facets_html             427737.0us 433207.1us    +1%
+big_json_extras             212786.6us 211274.8us    -1%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html: {'combined': (200, 26551), 'combined_seq': (200, 26552)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_html: {'combined': (200, 86458), 'combined_seq': (200, 86459)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_facets_html: {'combined': (200, 90956), 'combined_seq': (200, 87157)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..07e7c0fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.json
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 15238.2,
+   "runs": [
+    13778.0,
+    13864.2,
+    20202.6,
+    15238.2,
+    16372.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28569.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    28362.9,
+    27726.4,
+    37427.9,
+    28569.2,
+    29171.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 14914.1,
+   "runs": [
+    12911.7,
+    15927.1,
+    13358.5,
+    18344.3,
+    14914.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 27843.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    25295.1,
+    27843.0,
+    24582.7,
+    33385.0,
+    29404.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 15888.1,
+   "runs": [
+    14640.5,
+    19117.7,
+    14657.0,
+    15888.1,
+    16459.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 26727.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    26419.2,
+    31279.6,
+    26224.7,
+    26727.6,
+    27023.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 15116.9,
+   "runs": [
+    15116.9,
+    13832.2,
+    15131.7,
+    15971.3,
+    14433.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 26677.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    26965.2,
+    25293.7,
+    25120.6,
+    29304.1,
+    26677.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 17186.4,
+   "runs": [
+    16670.5,
+    18173.9,
+    14915.3,
+    17186.4,
+    18619.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 32678.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    32678.5,
+    32853.0,
+    27290.5,
+    30545.4,
+    34393.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 19747.5,
+   "runs": [
+    17311.7,
+    17440.7,
+    19747.5,
+    20205.6,
+    20277.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 34292.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    31521.9,
+    30721.1,
+    34411.6,
+    34292.1,
+    35986.7
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 72082.8,
+   "runs": [
+    72082.8,
+    72459.7,
+    69348.6,
+    71597.9,
+    74655.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 246842.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    243096.2,
+    250012.8,
+    235532.1,
+    246842.7,
+    261236.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 72313.7,
+   "runs": [
+    69210.1,
+    72873.8,
+    72313.7,
+    72650.6,
+    70327.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 256127.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    242729.6,
+    256127.4,
+    258836.4,
+    256515.0,
+    245821.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 33967.2,
+   "runs": [
+    35755.0,
+    32316.6,
+    33967.2,
+    32894.0,
+    35117.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 122862.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    124527.9,
+    121430.7,
+    122862.7,
+    121877.2,
+    123818.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 33935.9,
+   "runs": [
+    34191.1,
+    32539.0,
+    33935.9,
+    34334.9,
+    31916.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 123638.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    124406.7,
+    123638.9,
+    122587.6,
+    127244.6,
+    119710.1
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c99545cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/freethreaded_t8_c8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   15238.2us  14914.1us    -2%
+table_html_100               15888.1us  15116.9us    -5%
+big_html                     17186.4us  19747.5us   +15%
+big_facets_html              72082.8us  72313.7us    +0%
+big_json_extras              33967.2us  33935.9us    -0%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   28569.2us  27843.0us    -3%
+table_html_100               26727.6us  26677.5us    -0%
+big_html                     32678.5us  34292.1us    +5%
+big_facets_html             246842.7us 256127.4us    +4%
+big_json_extras             122862.7us 123638.9us    +1%
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..33f16c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 48723.8,
+   "runs": [
+    50790.4,
+    45845.4,
+    57572.0,
+    48723.8,
+    46642.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 47686.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    50982.0,
+    47373.4,
+    54956.2,
+    45895.8,
+    47686.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 40882.9,
+   "runs": [
+    38473.5,
+    40882.9,
+    41477.6,
+    47273.5,
+    40550.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 39163.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36067.8,
+    38967.5,
+    39538.3,
+    45420.3,
+    39163.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 36199.3,
+   "runs": [
+    34223.4,
+    36199.3,
+    38435.8,
+    37995.0,
+    30870.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 37599.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    35854.8,
+    37599.6,
+    40073.6,
+    38761.6,
+    33173.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 30000.0,
+   "runs": [
+    30000.0,
+    24645.3,
+    30349.3,
+    32959.8,
+    22150.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28937.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    28937.2,
+    24374.0,
+    29042.4,
+    31073.7,
+    22013.7
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 41860.2,
+   "runs": [
+    40650.6,
+    40965.9,
+    43199.3,
+    41860.2,
+    42097.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 42602.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    41096.0,
+    41154.0,
+    43032.8,
+    42602.9,
+    43018.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 40041.4,
+   "runs": [
+    41104.0,
+    42824.9,
+    36529.9,
+    40041.4,
+    37799.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 38197.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    39844.9,
+    41058.4,
+    35147.9,
+    38197.2,
+    35238.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 27735.3,
+   "runs": [
+    30495.3,
+    27735.3,
+    26114.5,
+    26234.1,
+    31007.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28789.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    29654.9,
+    28789.8,
+    26882.1,
+    27482.8,
+    32330.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 21869.3,
+   "runs": [
+    25051.0,
+    27724.0,
+    21869.3,
+    21657.3,
+    21639.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 21476.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    23940.0,
+    26325.5,
+    21476.9,
+    20862.0,
+    21284.6
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 56635.2,
+   "runs": [
+    56635.2,
+    53610.9,
+    62632.8,
+    55964.2,
+    63027.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 55834.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    55275.5,
+    53372.9,
+    57477.1,
+    55834.0,
+    57775.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 48601.0,
+   "runs": [
+    49653.2,
+    45418.1,
+    47730.3,
+    51183.0,
+    48601.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 47013.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    48519.4,
+    44258.1,
+    46554.8,
+    49700.3,
+    47013.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 37583.9,
+   "runs": [
+    37974.0,
+    37583.9,
+    38760.4,
+    37499.1,
+    35710.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 37896.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    37896.8,
+    38321.0,
+    38090.5,
+    37350.1,
+    36243.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 30481.6,
+   "runs": [
+    33714.1,
+    29087.2,
+    34077.9,
+    29247.1,
+    30481.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 27683.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    28629.5,
+    27683.0,
+    33241.6,
+    27607.2,
+    26145.6
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 444848.9,
+   "runs": [
+    454020.9,
+    448949.4,
+    443883.6,
+    438942.3,
+    444848.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 448225.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    452224.0,
+    451364.1,
+    446864.1,
+    443375.6,
+    448225.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 454491.1,
+   "runs": [
+    450282.7,
+    458516.1,
+    454491.1,
+    454496.1,
+    449258.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 446723.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    441079.8,
+    450381.8,
+    446723.6,
+    446852.7,
+    441442.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 428737.2,
+   "runs": [
+    429004.6,
+    428974.6,
+    426955.4,
+    428737.2,
+    425167.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 429839.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    430390.1,
+    430767.9,
+    427927.4,
+    429839.7,
+    426904.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 428745.4,
+   "runs": [
+    432549.1,
+    426932.0,
+    432569.2,
+    428745.4,
+    428613.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 422246.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    423334.7,
+    421065.0,
+    426357.1,
+    422246.6,
+    422074.4
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 211351.0,
+   "runs": [
+    208831.0,
+    209196.9,
+    211351.0,
+    215350.9,
+    211583.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 212990.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    211620.7,
+    211803.2,
+    212990.4,
+    216353.4,
+    213772.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 218914.8,
+   "runs": [
+    216172.4,
+    218914.8,
+    225930.5,
+    221172.0,
+    205416.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 213888.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    213228.9,
+    213888.7,
+    217207.5,
+    217090.4,
+    202933.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 206525.9,
+   "runs": [
+    211433.9,
+    204760.5,
+    206525.9,
+    205381.9,
+    206981.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 209886.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    214489.4,
+    208481.0,
+    209886.9,
+    210399.3,
+    209443.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 211165.8,
+   "runs": [
+    211165.8,
+    207163.3,
+    215228.9,
+    218132.1,
+    208905.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    17428
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 208036.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    208036.4,
+    204234.6,
+    211840.1,
+    214489.4,
+    204674.2
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..98c0ffff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   48723.8us  40882.9us   -16%  36199.3us   -26%  30000.0us   -38%
+table_html_100               41860.2us  40041.4us    -4%  27735.3us   -34%  21869.3us   -48%
+big_html                     56635.2us  48601.0us   -14%  37583.9us   -34%  30481.6us   -46%
+big_facets_html             444848.9us 454491.1us    +2% 428737.2us    -4% 428745.4us    -4%
+big_json_extras             211351.0us 218914.8us    +4% 206525.9us    -2% 211165.8us    -0%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   47686.8us  39163.6us   -18%  37599.6us   -21%  28937.2us   -39%
+table_html_100               42602.9us  38197.2us   -10%  28789.8us   -32%  21476.9us   -50%
+big_html                     55834.0us  47013.7us   -16%  37896.8us   -32%  27683.0us   -50%
+big_facets_html             448225.0us 446723.6us    -0% 429839.7us    -4% 422246.6us    -6%
+big_json_extras             212990.4us 213888.7us    +0% 209886.9us    -1% 208036.4us    -2%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html: {'base': (200, 26552), 'base_seq': (200, 26551), 'combined': (200, 26552), 'combined_seq': (200, 26552)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_facets_html: {'base': (200, 87157), 'base_seq': (200, 87157), 'combined': (200, 90956), 'combined_seq': (200, 90956)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_json_extras: {'base': (200, 17428), 'base_seq': (200, 14468), 'combined': (200, 17428), 'combined_seq': (200, 17428)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce503fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.json
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 47049.7,
+   "runs": [
+    47049.7,
+    46425.7,
+    47301.1,
+    47061.2,
+    42555.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 49918.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    50191.3,
+    49918.0,
+    50648.8,
+    49487.5,
+    46456.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 42553.1,
+   "runs": [
+    52077.0,
+    38370.7,
+    37836.0,
+    42553.1,
+    43023.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 40484.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    45649.7,
+    36955.8,
+    35414.4,
+    40484.2,
+    41011.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 36105.3,
+   "runs": [
+    36105.3,
+    38305.5,
+    34827.3,
+    32790.1,
+    39106.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 40255.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    40255.3,
+    41123.9,
+    38633.7,
+    37208.4,
+    43397.5
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 31361.5,
+   "runs": [
+    31361.5,
+    41789.2,
+    30781.4,
+    31499.2,
+    28819.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 29692.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    30394.1,
+    35195.6,
+    28912.0,
+    29692.9,
+    27250.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 41961.4,
+   "runs": [
+    44938.5,
+    44527.6,
+    39676.1,
+    39305.3,
+    41961.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 43227.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    46353.5,
+    46367.7,
+    41432.9,
+    40762.8,
+    43227.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 39018.8,
+   "runs": [
+    38156.7,
+    43142.6,
+    39018.8,
+    33284.5,
+    41400.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 36491.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    36046.7,
+    40984.4,
+    36491.6,
+    32544.0,
+    37927.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 27836.5,
+   "runs": [
+    25701.4,
+    32671.0,
+    30171.7,
+    24459.6,
+    27836.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 30423.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27407.0,
+    35428.4,
+    32121.9,
+    26631.6,
+    30423.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 22521.1,
+   "runs": [
+    28498.0,
+    19413.3,
+    22521.1,
+    19967.2,
+    24544.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66669
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 22035.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27397.1,
+    18577.2,
+    22035.4,
+    19482.8,
+    23383.9
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 52826.7,
+   "runs": [
+    51708.3,
+    61066.4,
+    52826.7,
+    48757.2,
+    56478.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 54046.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    51897.2,
+    57491.1,
+    54046.6,
+    49724.6,
+    56925.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 46792.5,
+   "runs": [
+    46792.5,
+    44794.2,
+    41622.8,
+    57385.8,
+    49247.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 45132.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    45132.3,
+    43553.2,
+    40293.8,
+    53773.9,
+    47973.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 36168.3,
+   "runs": [
+    40736.5,
+    34933.2,
+    36168.3,
+    33658.7,
+    36533.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 36874.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    38282.4,
+    35281.7,
+    36874.7,
+    34799.4,
+    37397.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 29164.8,
+   "runs": [
+    28197.1,
+    31520.2,
+    29658.3,
+    29017.4,
+    29164.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 27814.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27159.4,
+    30883.7,
+    28193.2,
+    27696.0,
+    27814.4
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..51183eb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c1_switch05.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   47049.7us  42553.1us   -10%  36105.3us   -23%  31361.5us   -33%
+table_html_100               41961.4us  39018.8us    -7%  27836.5us   -34%  22521.1us   -46%
+big_html                     52826.7us  46792.5us   -11%  36168.3us   -32%  29164.8us   -45%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   49918.0us  40484.2us   -19%  40255.3us   -19%  29692.9us   -41%
+table_html_100               43227.9us  36491.6us   -16%  30423.6us   -30%  22035.4us   -49%
+big_html                     54046.6us  45132.3us   -16%  36874.7us   -32%  27814.4us   -49%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html: {'base': (200, 26552), 'base_seq': (200, 26551), 'combined': (200, 26552), 'combined_seq': (200, 26551)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html_100: {'base': (200, 66670), 'base_seq': (200, 66670), 'combined': (200, 66670), 'combined_seq': (200, 66669)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5457a618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.json
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 55940.3,
+   "runs": [
+    52547.5,
+    55940.3,
+    55573.9,
+    60532.1,
+    65107.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 69646.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    67762.4,
+    69646.4,
+    64674.1,
+    75686.1,
+    80620.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 57221.5,
+   "runs": [
+    57221.5,
+    57475.3,
+    61431.8,
+    56320.7,
+    53716.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 71763.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    72855.6,
+    69082.8,
+    72765.0,
+    71763.8,
+    68527.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 42007.4,
+   "runs": [
+    41242.0,
+    41809.9,
+    44001.0,
+    42007.4,
+    50248.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 54192.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    53640.6,
+    51816.9,
+    56274.9,
+    54192.4,
+    63779.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 41961.5,
+   "runs": [
+    41583.0,
+    43633.9,
+    39824.8,
+    43556.4,
+    41961.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 53968.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    54178.9,
+    55610.7,
+    51810.9,
+    53968.0,
+    52991.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 48828.2,
+   "runs": [
+    49399.9,
+    48056.2,
+    45611.6,
+    48828.2,
+    52181.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 59403.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    62351.7,
+    59403.3,
+    57088.3,
+    59009.5,
+    64085.7
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 48199.2,
+   "runs": [
+    52568.2,
+    48199.2,
+    44522.9,
+    51853.3,
+    43791.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 59076.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    64654.7,
+    60839.0,
+    56672.3,
+    59076.8,
+    55093.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 35097.9,
+   "runs": [
+    36016.5,
+    27888.9,
+    30085.1,
+    40975.8,
+    35097.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 43599.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    45543.8,
+    36395.7,
+    38298.2,
+    43599.8,
+    44906.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 30931.8,
+   "runs": [
+    28806.5,
+    30335.9,
+    30931.8,
+    32509.1,
+    30968.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 39944.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    37869.8,
+    39427.5,
+    40023.6,
+    40962.7,
+    39944.2
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 61454.6,
+   "runs": [
+    57551.0,
+    66737.1,
+    64139.7,
+    61454.6,
+    56370.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 77951.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    74675.4,
+    80273.9,
+    81853.3,
+    77951.9,
+    71963.2
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 62140.5,
+   "runs": [
+    62140.5,
+    70177.8,
+    64586.3,
+    61493.5,
+    60612.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 79762.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    79762.5,
+    87725.0,
+    81451.1,
+    78456.7,
+    75643.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 48061.2,
+   "runs": [
+    49688.3,
+    48061.2,
+    44427.5,
+    41613.7,
+    49574.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 62633.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    64483.2,
+    62633.8,
+    58751.6,
+    55916.2,
+    64431.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 44529.8,
+   "runs": [
+    44529.8,
+    48277.2,
+    46014.6,
+    43729.6,
+    39213.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 58350.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    58350.6,
+    58386.7,
+    60092.1,
+    57561.5,
+    51368.1
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 178489.9,
+   "runs": [
+    191860.4,
+    178580.0,
+    168271.5,
+    178489.9,
+    175507.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 419499.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    450984.6,
+    423417.0,
+    412754.3,
+    418658.5,
+    419499.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 178701.6,
+   "runs": [
+    182522.5,
+    178701.6,
+    185496.1,
+    175254.3,
+    174494.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 420419.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    426325.6,
+    420419.2,
+    424222.6,
+    404820.7,
+    416592.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 167378.1,
+   "runs": [
+    166793.5,
+    167378.1,
+    168061.0,
+    168654.2,
+    166394.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87156
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 412931.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    413714.0,
+    412931.2,
+    412630.5,
+    421912.4,
+    408528.3
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 162834.7,
+   "runs": [
+    172295.6,
+    162773.6,
+    162409.0,
+    164381.2,
+    162834.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 411673.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    424667.0,
+    411673.2,
+    409154.0,
+    413715.6,
+    407901.1
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "base": {
+   "median_us": 84135.0,
+   "runs": [
+    84881.3,
+    82346.0,
+    84217.2,
+    84135.0,
+    78823.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 206358.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    207132.9,
+    203867.6,
+    206615.1,
+    206358.4,
+    202222.6
+   ]
+  },
+  "base_seq": {
+   "median_us": 87880.3,
+   "runs": [
+    88366.5,
+    86494.1,
+    84976.2,
+    90209.9,
+    87880.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 211772.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    214620.6,
+    213271.5,
+    210253.4,
+    211772.7,
+    209899.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 78701.4,
+   "runs": [
+    78388.3,
+    79047.8,
+    76115.5,
+    79460.0,
+    78701.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 201825.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    199094.3,
+    201825.3,
+    199660.1,
+    208587.1,
+    203242.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 86615.8,
+   "runs": [
+    85198.1,
+    87417.5,
+    84012.6,
+    86615.8,
+    87444.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 210347.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    210347.3,
+    210348.8,
+    208112.0,
+    213249.5,
+    208049.9
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8fdc4e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_c8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   55940.3us  57221.5us    +2%  42007.4us   -25%  41961.5us   -25%
+table_html_100               48828.2us  48199.2us    -1%  35097.9us   -28%  30931.8us   -37%
+big_html                     61454.6us  62140.5us    +1%  48061.2us   -22%  44529.8us   -28%
+big_facets_html             178489.9us 178701.6us    +0% 167378.1us    -6% 162834.7us    -9%
+big_json_extras              84135.0us  87880.3us    +4%  78701.4us    -6%  86615.8us    +3%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                          base        base_seq        combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   69646.4us  71763.8us    +3%  54192.4us   -22%  53968.0us   -23%
+table_html_100               59403.3us  59076.8us    -1%  43599.8us   -27%  39944.2us   -33%
+big_html                     77951.9us  79762.5us    +2%  62633.8us   -20%  58350.6us   -25%
+big_facets_html             419499.3us 420419.2us    +0% 412931.2us    -2% 411673.2us    -2%
+big_json_extras             206358.4us 211772.7us    +3% 201825.3us    -2% 210347.3us    +2%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html: {'base': (200, 26552), 'base_seq': (200, 26552), 'combined': (200, 26551), 'combined_seq': (200, 26552)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_facets_html: {'base': (200, 87157), 'base_seq': (200, 90956), 'combined': (200, 87156), 'combined_seq': (200, 90956)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14f34893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.json
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 28380.6,
+   "runs": [
+    29604.8,
+    28380.6,
+    28713.9,
+    26036.5,
+    25111.3
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28555.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    29967.4,
+    28555.7,
+    29364.1,
+    26764.3,
+    25672.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 29486.1,
+   "runs": [
+    32714.7,
+    27689.3,
+    31458.1,
+    29486.1,
+    25572.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26551
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28797.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    31597.5,
+    26890.8,
+    31207.3,
+    28797.3,
+    25294.0
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 21700.6,
+   "runs": [
+    21027.6,
+    26116.8,
+    21700.6,
+    21648.6,
+    27094.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 21572.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    20877.9,
+    26328.7,
+    20981.5,
+    21572.8,
+    23600.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 25818.8,
+   "runs": [
+    27834.2,
+    25818.8,
+    26244.8,
+    20695.6,
+    25379.2
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 25250.2,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    27031.5,
+    25338.8,
+    25250.2,
+    20363.0,
+    24771.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 31205.3,
+   "runs": [
+    31205.3,
+    30827.9,
+    35843.1,
+    32780.5,
+    28889.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86458
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 31281.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    31281.3,
+    30655.7,
+    36190.6,
+    33161.4,
+    28606.0
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 34717.9,
+   "runs": [
+    35530.9,
+    41741.5,
+    34717.9,
+    26028.8,
+    27897.6
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 33678.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    34802.8,
+    40048.0,
+    33678.1,
+    25724.0,
+    26807.8
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 433353.3,
+   "runs": [
+    433353.3,
+    439706.3,
+    430854.3,
+    429270.6,
+    435022.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 429131.9,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    429538.4,
+    433562.8,
+    426662.9,
+    424620.5,
+    429131.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 426759.4,
+   "runs": [
+    426759.4,
+    441141.0,
+    429590.0,
+    423465.7,
+    423516.0
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87157
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 421007.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    421007.3,
+    429668.7,
+    423765.4,
+    419886.6,
+    415736.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 215561.3,
+   "runs": [
+    219965.5,
+    216920.5,
+    211912.3,
+    215561.3,
+    205896.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 212128.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    217216.8,
+    213794.9,
+    209027.3,
+    212128.5,
+    204000.8
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 213088.5,
+   "runs": [
+    213088.5,
+    215255.6,
+    212942.0,
+    214429.0,
+    210378.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 210569.5,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    210569.5,
+    211826.2,
+    206743.2,
+    211524.9,
+    205986.2
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..85a0c22a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   28380.6us  29486.1us    +4%
+table_html_100               21700.6us  25818.8us   +19%
+big_html                     31205.3us  34717.9us   +11%
+big_facets_html             433353.3us 426759.4us    -2%
+big_json_extras             215561.3us 213088.5us    -1%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   28555.7us  28797.3us    +1%
+table_html_100               21572.8us  25250.2us   +17%
+big_html                     31281.3us  33678.1us    +8%
+big_facets_html             429131.9us 421007.3us    -2%
+big_json_extras             212128.5us 210569.5us    -1%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for table_html: {'combined': (200, 26552), 'combined_seq': (200, 26551)}
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_html: {'combined': (200, 86458), 'combined_seq': (200, 86459)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.json b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a44db669
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.json
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+{
+ "table_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 22328.7,
+   "runs": [
+    22464.6,
+    22328.7,
+    21807.7,
+    21018.9,
+    23935.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 24085.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    24099.2,
+    24085.8,
+    23783.8,
+    22929.2,
+    25875.9
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 22450.9,
+   "runs": [
+    24163.2,
+    24314.3,
+    20886.4,
+    21208.2,
+    22450.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    26552
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 24089.1,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    26343.1,
+    25961.5,
+    22692.4,
+    22539.7,
+    24089.1
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "table_html_100": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 19396.8,
+   "runs": [
+    24703.1,
+    18095.2,
+    21489.9,
+    17740.2,
+    19396.8
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 20022.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    21707.1,
+    18865.2,
+    22726.6,
+    18657.1,
+    20022.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 19498.6,
+   "runs": [
+    19498.6,
+    25449.6,
+    20071.0,
+    19204.0,
+    18264.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    66670
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 20464.8,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    20464.8,
+    26445.6,
+    20791.9,
+    19619.2,
+    19200.9
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 26366.1,
+   "runs": [
+    24873.8,
+    33707.3,
+    30098.4,
+    26366.1,
+    25196.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 26936.3,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    25972.7,
+    34981.6,
+    31370.5,
+    26936.3,
+    26299.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 28049.5,
+   "runs": [
+    23635.3,
+    27076.9,
+    28049.5,
+    28542.3,
+    29020.7
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    86459
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 28582.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    24791.2,
+    28466.5,
+    28582.7,
+    29773.6,
+    29967.5
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_facets_html": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 423658.3,
+   "runs": [
+    421112.8,
+    427362.2,
+    427048.6,
+    423658.3,
+    420737.1
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    90956
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 416547.4,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    416099.3,
+    421854.8,
+    423415.3,
+    416547.4,
+    415221.4
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 427133.9,
+   "runs": [
+    426996.1,
+    427133.9,
+    423135.8,
+    427804.0,
+    428807.4
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    87156
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 422053.7,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    422053.7,
+    425340.5,
+    419642.6,
+    419878.2,
+    423186.9
+   ]
+  }
+ },
+ "big_json_extras": {
+  "combined": {
+   "median_us": 208527.6,
+   "runs": [
+    206048.7,
+    202818.6,
+    208527.6,
+    209078.5,
+    211001.9
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 206348.6,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    204936.5,
+    201273.1,
+    206348.6,
+    207110.0,
+    209876.1
+   ]
+  },
+  "combined_seq": {
+   "median_us": 206522.4,
+   "runs": [
+    203244.5,
+    203901.4,
+    214114.8,
+    206522.4,
+    206654.5
+   ],
+   "status_bytes": [
+    200,
+    14468
+   ],
+   "cpu_us": 203089.0,
+   "cpu_runs": [
+    201692.4,
+    203089.0,
+    210444.4,
+    203013.2,
+    203868.3
+   ]
+  }
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fcdee74d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/gil_t1_c8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   22328.7us  22450.9us    +1%
+table_html_100               19396.8us  19498.6us    +1%
+big_html                     26366.1us  28049.5us    +6%
+big_facets_html             423658.3us 427133.9us    +1%
+big_json_extras             208527.6us 206522.4us    -1%
+
+CPU time per request (process_time, all threads):
+endpoint                      combined    combined_seq
+table_html                   24085.8us  24089.1us    +0%
+table_html_100               20022.4us  20464.8us    +2%
+big_html                     26936.3us  28582.7us    +6%
+big_facets_html             416547.4us 422053.7us    +1%
+big_json_extras             206348.6us 203089.0us    -2%
+WARNING: status/bytes differ for big_facets_html: {'combined': (200, 90956), 'combined_seq': (200, 87156)}
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/micro_gather.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/micro_gather.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e5156808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/micro_gather.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+tools/micro_gather.py: Database.execute() 300 times, either one at a time
+("sequential") or 10 at a time with asyncio.gather ("gather10").
+Per-query wall time and CPU time (process_time, all threads), medians of 5.
+Python 3.15.0b4 (GIL) and 3.15.0b4t (free-threaded), combined patch tree.
+
+GIL on, num_sql_threads=3
+  1 row          sequential wall    167us cpu    165us | gather10 wall    299us cpu    376us  (cpu x2.28)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    500us cpu    470us | gather10 wall   1723us cpu   2311us  (cpu x4.91)
+  introspection  sequential wall    309us cpu    300us | gather10 wall   1112us cpu   1493us  (cpu x4.98)
+GIL off, num_sql_threads=3
+  1 row          sequential wall    133us cpu    148us | gather10 wall     58us cpu    110us  (cpu x0.75)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    330us cpu    323us | gather10 wall     90us cpu    249us  (cpu x0.77)
+  introspection  sequential wall    320us cpu    303us | gather10 wall     75us cpu    188us  (cpu x0.62)
+GIL on, num_sql_threads=1
+  1 row          sequential wall    177us cpu    177us | gather10 wall     94us cpu    101us  (cpu x0.57)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    355us cpu    347us | gather10 wall    362us cpu    370us  (cpu x1.07)
+  introspection  sequential wall    321us cpu    312us | gather10 wall    321us cpu    331us  (cpu x1.06)
+GIL off, num_sql_threads=1
+  1 row          sequential wall    174us cpu    178us | gather10 wall     94us cpu    134us  (cpu x0.76)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    366us cpu    386us | gather10 wall    211us cpu    260us  (cpu x0.67)
+  introspection  sequential wall    243us cpu    251us | gather10 wall    145us cpu    197us  (cpu x0.78)
+GIL on, num_sql_threads=8
+  1 row          sequential wall    155us cpu    152us | gather10 wall    395us cpu    551us  (cpu x3.61)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    496us cpu    473us | gather10 wall   9218us cpu  14903us  (cpu x31.50)
+  introspection  sequential wall    288us cpu    273us | gather10 wall   4853us cpu   7475us  (cpu x27.35)
+GIL off, num_sql_threads=8
+  1 row          sequential wall    142us cpu    152us | gather10 wall     63us cpu    120us  (cpu x0.79)
+  100 text rows  sequential wall    508us cpu    476us | gather10 wall    150us cpu    394us  (cpu x0.83)
+  introspection  sequential wall    409us cpu    384us | gather10 wall     98us cpu    229us  (cpu x0.60)
diff --git a/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/stress.txt b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/stress.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70ee9285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/results/free-threading/stress.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+tools/ft_stress.py --concurrency 16 --requests 800: 100 requests each to 8
+table pages (fixtures, a 500k-row table, and a named in-memory database with
+parallel extras), every response compared with the first one (status only
+for the 500k-row pages, whose facet suggestions depend on time limits).
+
+free-threaded, cf113a5, 3 SQL threads         800/800 ok, GIL stayed off
+free-threaded, all patches, 3 SQL threads     800/800 ok, GIL stayed off
+free-threaded, all patches, 8 SQL threads     800/800 ok, GIL stayed off
+free-threaded, cf113a5, 8 SQL threads         800/800 ok, GIL stayed off
+GIL build, all patches, 3 SQL threads (run 1) 799/800 - table_html_100 lost
+    its "pk2" suggested facet: that suggestion query went over the 50 ms
+    facet_suggest_time_limit_ms under GIL contention
+GIL build, all patches, 3 SQL threads (run 2) 800/800 ok
diff --git a/perf/request-response/tools/.gitignore b/perf/request-response/tools/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9456a9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/tools/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+*.db
+__pycache__/
+server_*.log
+server_*.pid
+final_results_*.jsonl
diff --git a/perf/request-response/tools/bench_asgi.py b/perf/request-response/tools/bench_asgi.py
index bd06414c..58347e39 100644
--- a/perf/request-response/tools/bench_asgi.py
+++ b/perf/request-response/tools/bench_asgi.py
@@ -4,8 +4,15 @@ profiles show only Datasette's request/response machinery.
 
 Run it with the source tree you want to measure first on PYTHONPATH, e.g.
     PYTHONPATH=/path/to/datasette python bench_asgi.py time --n 1000
-fixtures.db is generated next to this script on first run. Set IMMUTABLE=1
-to open it as an immutable database, NUM_SQL_THREADS to change the pool.
+fixtures.db (and, with BIGDB=1, a 500,000-row bigdb.db) are generated next
+to this script on first run.
+
+Environment variables:
+    IMMUTABLE=1          open the databases as immutable
+    NUM_SQL_THREADS=N    size of Datasette's SQL thread pool (default 3)
+    BIGDB=1              also attach bigdb.db, for the big_* endpoints
+    CONCURRENCY=N        time mode: keep N requests in flight (throughput)
+    SWITCH_INTERVAL=S    sys.setswitchinterval(S) before running
 
 Usage:
     python bench_asgi.py time [--endpoints a,b] [--n 2000] [--rounds 5]
@@ -32,6 +39,36 @@ if not os.path.exists(FIXTURES):
 
     write_fixture_database(FIXTURES)
 
+
+def write_bigdb(path, rows=500_000):
+    import random
+    import sqlite3
+
+    rnd = random.Random(1)
+    conn = sqlite3.connect(path)
+    conn.execute(
+        "create table big (id integer primary key, category text, city text,"
+        " state text, score integer, name text, created text)"
+    )
+    conn.executemany(
+        "insert into big values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",
+        (
+            (
+                i,
+                f"category-{rnd.randrange(12)}",
+                f"city-{rnd.randrange(300)}",
+                f"S{rnd.randrange(50):02d}",
+                rnd.randint(0, 1000),
+                f"name {rnd.random():.8f}",
+                f"2026-{rnd.randint(1, 12):02d}-{rnd.randint(1, 28):02d}",
+            )
+            for i in range(1, rows + 1)
+        ),
+    )
+    conn.commit()
+    conn.close()
+
+
 ENDPOINTS = {
     # name: (method, path, query_string, extra headers, needs actor cookie)
     "versions_json": ("GET", "/-/versions.json", "", [], False),
@@ -71,6 +108,15 @@ ENDPOINTS = {
         [],
         False,
     ),
+    "big_html": ("GET", "/bigdb/big", "", [], False),
+    "big_facets_html": ("GET", "/bigdb/big", "_facet=category&_facet=city", [], False),
+    "big_json_extras": (
+        "GET",
+        "/bigdb/big.json",
+        "_facet=category&_extra=count&_extra=facet_results&_extra=suggested_facets",
+        [],
+        False,
+    ),
 }
 
 BROWSER_HEADERS = [
@@ -85,10 +131,20 @@ BROWSER_HEADERS = [
 ]
 
 
+if os.environ.get("SWITCH_INTERVAL"):
+    sys.setswitchinterval(float(os.environ["SWITCH_INTERVAL"]))
+
+
 def make_ds():
+    files = [FIXTURES]
+    if os.environ.get("BIGDB"):
+        bigdb = os.path.join(HERE, "bigdb.db")
+        if not os.path.exists(bigdb):
+            write_bigdb(bigdb)
+        files.append(bigdb)
     return Datasette(
-        [] if os.environ.get("IMMUTABLE") else [FIXTURES],
-        immutables=[FIXTURES] if os.environ.get("IMMUTABLE") else [],
+        [] if os.environ.get("IMMUTABLE") else files,
+        immutables=files if os.environ.get("IMMUTABLE") else [],
         settings={"num_sql_threads": int(os.environ.get("NUM_SQL_THREADS", "3"))},
     )
 
@@ -172,16 +228,33 @@ async def run_time(endpoints, n, rounds):
         for _ in range(min(200, n)):
             await d.request(name)
         per_round = []
-        for _ in range(rounds):
-            t0 = time.perf_counter()
-            for _ in range(n):
+        concurrency = int(os.environ.get("CONCURRENCY", "1"))
+
+        async def worker(count, name=name):
+            for _ in range(count):
                 await d.request(name)
-            per_round.append((time.perf_counter() - t0) / n * 1e6)
+
+        cpu_round = []
+        for _ in range(rounds):
+            c0 = time.process_time()
+            t0 = time.perf_counter()
+            if concurrency == 1:
+                for _ in range(n):
+                    await d.request(name)
+            else:
+                # Throughput: wall time per request with this many in flight
+                await asyncio.gather(
+                    *(worker(n // concurrency) for _ in range(concurrency))
+                )
+            done = n if concurrency == 1 else (n // concurrency) * concurrency
+            per_round.append((time.perf_counter() - t0) / done * 1e6)
+            cpu_round.append((time.process_time() - c0) / done * 1e6)
         results[name] = {
             "status": status,
             "bytes": len(body),
             "median_us": round(statistics.median(per_round), 1),
             "min_us": round(min(per_round), 1),
+            "cpu_us": round(statistics.median(cpu_round), 1),
         }
         print(
             f"{name:22s} {status} {len(body):7d}B  median {results[name]['median_us']:8.1f}us  min {results[name]['min_us']:8.1f}us",
diff --git a/perf/request-response/tools/ft_stress.py b/perf/request-response/tools/ft_stress.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56f5a387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/tools/ft_stress.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+"""
+Fire many concurrent table-page requests (with parallel extras) at one
+Datasette instance and check every response: status 200 and a body that
+matches the first response once timing fields are removed.
+
+    PYTHONPATH=tree python ft_stress.py --concurrency 16 --requests 400
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import collections
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+os.environ.setdefault("BIGDB", "1")
+
+import bench_asgi
+
+TIMING = re.compile(rb"(\d+(\.\d+)?\s*ms|\"query_ms\":\s*[\d.e-]+|took [\d.]+ms)")
+ENDPOINTS = [
+    "table_html",
+    "table_html_100",
+    "big_html",
+    "big_json_extras",
+    "row_json",
+    "table_json",
+    "mem_html",
+    "mem_json_extras",
+]
+bench_asgi.ENDPOINTS["mem_html"] = ("GET", "/memtest/t", "", [], False)
+bench_asgi.ENDPOINTS["mem_json_extras"] = (
+    "GET",
+    "/memtest/t.json",
+    "_facet=cat&_extra=count&_extra=facet_results&_extra=suggested_facets",
+    [],
+    False,
+)
+
+
+def normalize(body):
+    return TIMING.sub(b"T", body)
+
+
+async def main(concurrency, total):
+    ds = bench_asgi.make_ds()
+    # Named in-memory database: the case behind issue #2189
+    mem = ds.add_memory_database("memtest")
+    await mem.execute_write(
+        "create table t (id integer primary key, name text, cat text)"
+    )
+    await mem.execute_write_many(
+        "insert into t (name, cat) values (?, ?)",
+        [(f"name {i}", f"cat {i % 7}") for i in range(2000)],
+    )
+    d = bench_asgi.Driver(ds)
+    await d.setup()
+    expected = {}
+    for name in ENDPOINTS:
+        status, _, body = await d.request(name)
+        expected[name] = (status, normalize(body))
+    outcomes = collections.Counter()
+    mismatches = []
+    queue = asyncio.Queue()
+    for i in range(total):
+        queue.put_nowait(ENDPOINTS[i % len(ENDPOINTS)])
+
+    async def worker():
+        while not queue.empty():
+            name = queue.get_nowait()
+            try:
+                status, _, body = await d.request(name)
+            except Exception as ex:  # noqa: BLE001 - report every failure
+                outcomes[f"{name}: exception {type(ex).__name__}: {ex}"] += 1
+                continue
+            # Facet suggestions on the 500k-row table depend on query time
+            # limits, so only the status is compared for those pages
+            if name.startswith("big_") and status == expected[name][0] or (status, normalize(body)) == expected[name]:
+                outcomes[f"{name}: ok"] += 1
+            else:
+                outcomes[f"{name}: MISMATCH status={status}"] += 1
+                if len(mismatches) < 3:
+                    mismatches.append((name, status, body[:300]))
+                    import difflib
+
+                    a = expected[name][1].decode("utf-8", "replace").splitlines()
+                    b = normalize(body).decode("utf-8", "replace").splitlines()
+                    print(
+                        "DIFF",
+                        name,
+                        "\n".join(
+                            list(difflib.unified_diff(a, b, lineterm="", n=1))[:40]
+                        ),
+                    )
+
+    await asyncio.gather(*(worker() for _ in range(concurrency)))
+    import sys as _sys
+
+    print("gil enabled:", getattr(_sys, "_is_gil_enabled", lambda: True)())
+    for k, v in sorted(outcomes.items()):
+        print(f"  {v:5d}  {k}")
+    for m in mismatches:
+        print("MISMATCH SAMPLE", m)
+    bad = sum(v for k, v in outcomes.items() if not k.endswith(": ok"))
+    print("FAILURES:", bad)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    p = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    p.add_argument("--concurrency", type=int, default=16)
+    p.add_argument("--requests", type=int, default=400)
+    a = p.parse_args()
+    asyncio.run(main(a.concurrency, a.requests))
diff --git a/perf/request-response/tools/measure_ab.py b/perf/request-response/tools/measure_ab.py
index 0c0c6401..fce36a82 100644
--- a/perf/request-response/tools/measure_ab.py
+++ b/perf/request-response/tools/measure_ab.py
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ def main():
     trees = [t.split("=", 1) for t in args.tree]
     endpoints = args.endpoints.split(",")
     samples = {name: {ep: [] for ep in endpoints} for name, _ in trees}
+    cpu = {name: {ep: [] for ep in endpoints} for name, _ in trees}
     statuses = {name: {} for name, _ in trees}
     for r in range(args.rounds):
         order = trees[r % len(trees) :] + trees[: r % len(trees)]
@@ -67,6 +68,8 @@ def main():
             data = run_once(path, endpoints, args.n, {})
             for ep in endpoints:
                 samples[name][ep].append(data[ep]["median_us"])
+                if "cpu_us" in data[ep]:
+                    cpu[name][ep].append(data[ep]["cpu_us"])
                 statuses[name][ep] = (data[ep]["status"], data[ep]["bytes"])
         print(f"round {r + 1}/{args.rounds} done", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
     result = {}
@@ -83,12 +86,27 @@ def main():
                 "median_us": med,
                 "runs": samples[name][ep],
                 "status_bytes": statuses[name][ep],
+                "cpu_us": statistics.median(cpu[name][ep]) if cpu[name][ep] else None,
+                "cpu_runs": cpu[name][ep],
             }
             if name == base_name:
                 row += f"{med:14.1f}us"
             else:
                 row += f"{med:9.1f}us {100 * (med - base) / base:+5.0f}%"
         print(row)
+    if any(cpu[n][e] for n, _ in trees for e in endpoints):
+        print("\nCPU time per request (process_time, all threads):")
+        print(header)
+        for ep in endpoints:
+            row = f"{ep:22s}"
+            base = statistics.median(cpu[base_name][ep])
+            for name, _ in trees:
+                med = statistics.median(cpu[name][ep])
+                if name == base_name:
+                    row += f"{med:14.1f}us"
+                else:
+                    row += f"{med:9.1f}us {100 * (med - base) / base:+5.0f}%"
+            print(row)
     for ep in endpoints:
         sb = {name: statuses[name][ep] for name, _ in trees}
         if len(set(sb.values())) > 1:
diff --git a/perf/request-response/tools/micro_gather.py b/perf/request-response/tools/micro_gather.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..67ef9fce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perf/request-response/tools/micro_gather.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""db.execute() run one at a time vs. 10 at a time with asyncio.gather."""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import statistics
+import sys
+import time
+
+from datasette.app import Datasette
+
+HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))  # run bench_asgi.py once first
+QUERIES = {
+    "1 row": "select 1",
+    "100 text rows": "select pk1, pk2, pk3, content from compound_three_primary_keys limit 100",
+    "introspection": "select name, type, sql from sqlite_master",
+}
+
+
+async def main():
+    ds = Datasette(
+        [os.path.join(HERE, "fixtures.db")],
+        settings={"num_sql_threads": int(os.environ.get("SQL_THREADS", "3"))},
+    )
+    await ds.invoke_startup()
+    db = ds.get_database("fixtures")
+    gil = getattr(sys, "_is_gil_enabled", lambda: True)()
+    print(
+        f"GIL {'on' if gil else 'off'}, num_sql_threads={os.environ.get('SQL_THREADS', '3')}"
+    )
+    for label, sql in QUERIES.items():
+        for _ in range(50):
+            await db.execute(sql)
+        res = {}
+        for mode in ("sequential", "gather10"):
+            walls, cpus = [], []
+            for _ in range(5):
+                c0, t0 = time.process_time(), time.perf_counter()
+                if mode == "sequential":
+                    for _ in range(300):
+                        await db.execute(sql)
+                else:
+                    for _ in range(30):
+                        await asyncio.gather(*(db.execute(sql) for _ in range(10)))
+                walls.append((time.perf_counter() - t0) / 300 * 1e6)
+                cpus.append((time.process_time() - c0) / 300 * 1e6)
+            res[mode] = (statistics.median(walls), statistics.median(cpus))
+        s, g = res["sequential"], res["gather10"]
+        print(
+            f"  {label:14s} sequential wall {s[0]:6.0f}us cpu {s[1]:6.0f}us | gather10 wall {g[0]:6.0f}us cpu {g[1]:6.0f}us  (cpu x{g[1] / s[1]:.2f})"
+        )
+
+
+asyncio.run(main())