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Preserve duplicate column names in query results

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Queries returning duplicate column names - e.g. joins between tables
sharing column names - silently lost values because rows were built
with dict(zip(keys, row)), where the last duplicate wins.

Later occurrences are now renamed with a numeric suffix: id, id
becomes id, id_2 - skipping any suffix that would collide with a
real column in the same query.

The new utils.dedupe_keys() helper transforms the key list once per
query, so the per-row dict construction is unchanged and there is no
measurable performance impact.

Applied in Database.query() (including the PRAGMA and RETURNING
paths), Table.rows_where(), Table.search() and the CLI's JSON output.
CSV, TSV and table output keep the original duplicate headers.

Closes #624
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Simon Willison 2026-07-05 21:20:39 -07:00 • committed by GitHub
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docs/cli.rst
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@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ The default format returned for queries is JSON:
[{"id": 1, "age": 4, "name": "Cleo"},
{"id": 2, "age": 2, "name": "Pancakes"}]
If the query returns more than one column with the same name, later occurrences are renamed with a numeric suffix - ``select 1 as id, 2 as id`` returns ``[{"id": 1, "id_2": 2}]``. This only applies to JSON output: :ref:`CSV and TSV <cli_query_csv>` and :ref:`table <cli_query_table>` output keep the duplicate column headers unchanged.
.. _cli_query_nl:
Newline-delimited JSON