diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish.yml b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
index dc6ee54..396e2b8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
         cache-dependency-path: pyproject.toml
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
-        pip install -e '.[test]'
+        pip install . --group dev
     - name: Run tests
       run: |
         pytest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-coverage.yml b/.github/workflows/test-coverage.yml
index 410edaf..1f55f4e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-coverage.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-coverage.yml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install Python dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        python -m pip install -e .[test]
+        python -m pip install . --group dev
         python -m pip install pytest-cov
     - name: Run tests
       run: |-
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-sqlite-support.yml b/.github/workflows/test-sqlite-support.yml
index 83a8fd3..aa2ab9b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-sqlite-support.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-sqlite-support.yml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     - run: python3 -c "import sqlite3; print(sqlite3.sqlite_version)"
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
-        pip install -e '.[test]'
+        pip install . --group dev
         pip freeze
     - name: Run tests
       run: |
diff --git a/docs/contributing.rst b/docs/contributing.rst
index 297341f..6154f6a 100644
--- a/docs/contributing.rst
+++ b/docs/contributing.rst
@@ -13,49 +13,41 @@ All improvements to the software should start with an issue. Read `How I build a
 Obtaining the code
 ==================
 
-To work on this library locally, first checkout the code. Then create a new virtual environment::
+To work on this library locally, first checkout the code.
 
     git clone git@github.com:simonw/sqlite-utils
     cd sqlite-utils
-    python3 -mvenv venv
-    source venv/bin/activate
 
-Or if you are using ``pipenv``::
+Use `uv run` to run the development version of the tool:
 
-    pipenv shell
-
-Within the virtual environment running ``sqlite-utils`` should run your locally editable version of the tool. You can use ``which sqlite-utils`` to confirm that you are running the version that lives in your virtual environment.
+    uv run sqlite-utils --help
 
 .. _contributing_tests:
 
 Running the tests
 =================
 
-To install the dependencies and test dependencies::
+Use `uv run` to run the tests:
 
-    pip install -e '.[test]'
-
-To run the tests::
-
-    pytest
+    uv run pytest
 
 .. _contributing_docs:
 
 Building the documentation
 ==========================
 
-To build the documentation, first install the documentation dependencies::
+To build the documentation run this command::
 
-    pip install -e '.[docs]'
+    uv run make livehtml --directory docs
 
-Then run ``make livehtml`` from the ``docs/`` directory to start a server on port 8000 that will serve the documentation and live-reload any time you make an edit to a ``.rst`` file::
+This will start a server on port 8000 that will serve the documentation and live-reload any time you make an edit to a ``.rst`` file.
 
     cd docs
     make livehtml
 
 The `cog <https://github.com/nedbat/cog>`__ tool is used to maintain portions of the documentation. You can run it like so::
 
-    cog -r docs/*.rst
+    uv run cog -r docs/*.rst
 
 .. _contributing_linting:
 
@@ -64,18 +56,12 @@ Linting and formatting
 
 ``sqlite-utils`` uses `Black <https://black.readthedocs.io/>`__ for code formatting, and `flake8 <https://flake8.pycqa.org/>`__ and `mypy <https://mypy.readthedocs.io/>`__ for linting and type checking.
 
-Black is installed as part of ``pip install -e '.[test]'`` - you can then format your code by running it in the root of the project::
+    uv run black .
 
-    black .
+Linting tools can be run like this::
 
-To install ``mypy`` and ``flake8`` run the following::
-
-    pip install -e '.[flake8,mypy]'
-
-Both commands can then be run in the root of the project like this::
-
-    flake8
-    mypy sqlite_utils
+    uv run flake8
+    uv run mypy sqlite_utils
 
 All three of these tools are run by our CI mechanism against every commit and pull request.
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index cceb315..304bbcd 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -31,6 +31,31 @@ dependencies = [
     "pip",
 ]
 
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    "black>=24.1.1",
+    "cogapp",
+    "hypothesis",
+    "pytest",
+    # docs
+    "beanbag-docutils>=2.0",
+    "codespell",
+    "furo",
+    "pygments-csv-lexer",
+    "sphinx-autobuild",
+    "sphinx-copybutton",
+    # mypy
+    "data-science-types",
+    "mypy",
+    "types-click",
+    "types-pluggy",
+    "types-python-dateutil",
+    "types-tabulate",
+    # flake8
+    "flake8",
+    "flake8-pyproject",
+]
+
 [project.urls]
 Homepage = "https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-utils"
 Documentation = "https://sqlite-utils.datasette.io/en/stable/"
@@ -41,34 +66,6 @@ CI = "https://github.com/simonw/sqlite-utils/actions"
 [project.scripts]
 sqlite-utils = "sqlite_utils.cli:cli"
 
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-test = [
-    "black>=24.1.1",
-    "cogapp",
-    "hypothesis",
-    "pytest",
-]
-docs = [
-    "beanbag-docutils>=2.0",
-    "codespell",
-    "furo",
-    "pygments-csv-lexer",
-    "sphinx-autobuild",
-    "sphinx-copybutton",
-]
-mypy = [
-    "data-science-types",
-    "mypy",
-    "types-click",
-    "types-pluggy",
-    "types-python-dateutil",
-    "types-tabulate",
-]
-flake8 = [
-    "flake8",
-    "flake8-pyproject",
-]
-
 [build-system]
 requires = ["setuptools"]
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"