pelican-theme/docs/getting_started.rst

Getting started
###############

Installing Pelican
==================

You're ready? Let's go! You can install Pelican via several different methods.
The simplest is via `pip <http://www.pip-installer.org/>`_::

    $ pip install pelican

If you don't have ``pip`` installed, an alternative method is ``easy_install``::

    $ easy_install pelican

While the above is the simplest method, the recommended approach is to create
a virtual environment for Pelican via virtualenv_ and virtualenvwrapper_ before
installing Pelican. Assuming you've followed the virtualenvwrapper
`installation <http://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.org/en/latest/install.html>`_
and `shell configuration
<http://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.org/en/latest/install.html#shell-startup-file>`_
steps, you can then open a new terminal session and create a new virtual
environment for Pelican::

    $ mkvirtualenv pelican

Once the virtual environment has been created and activated, Pelican can be
be installed via ``pip`` or ``easy_install`` as noted above. Alternatively, if
you have the project source, you can install Pelican using the distutils
method::

    $ cd path-to-Pelican-source
    $ python setup.py install

If you have Git installed and prefer to install the latest bleeding-edge
version of Pelican rather than a stable release, use the following command::

    $ pip install -e git://github.com/getpelican/pelican#egg=pelican

If you plan on using Markdown as a markup format, you'll need to install the
Markdown library as well::

    $ pip install Markdown

If you want to use AsciiDoc you need to install it from `source
<http://www.methods.co.nz/asciidoc/INSTALL.html>`_ or use your operating
system's package manager.

Upgrading
---------

If you installed a stable Pelican release via ``pip`` or ``easy_install`` and
wish to upgrade to the latest stable release, you can do so by adding
``--upgrade`` to the relevant command. For pip, that would be::

    $ pip install --upgrade pelican

If you installed Pelican via distutils or the bleeding-edge method, simply
perform the same step to install the most recent version.

Dependencies
------------

At this time, Pelican core is dependent on the following Python packages:

* `feedgenerator <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/feedgenerator>`_, to generate the
  Atom feeds
* `jinja2 <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Jinja2>`_, for templating support
* `pygments <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pygments>`_, for syntax highlighting
* `docutils <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/docutils>`_, for supporting
  reStructuredText as an input format
* `pytz <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytz>`_, for timezone definitions
* `blinker <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/blinker>`_, an object-to-object and
  broadcast signaling system
* `unidecode <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Unidecode>`_, for ASCII
  transliterations of Unicode text

If you're not using Python 2.7, you will also need the ``argparse`` package.

Optionally:

* `markdown <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Markdown>`_, for supporting Markdown as
  an input format
* `typogrify <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/typogrify>`_, for typographical
  enhancements

Kickstart a blog
================

Following is a brief tutorial for those who want to get started right away.
We're going to assume that virtualenv_ and virtualenvwrapper_ are installed and
configured; if you've installed Pelican outside of a virtual environment,
you can skip to the ``pelican-quickstart`` command. Let's first create a new
virtual environment and install Pelican into it::

    $ mkvirtualenv pelican
    $ pip install pelican Markdown

Next we'll create a directory to house our site content and configuration files,
which can be located any place you prefer, and associate this new project with
the currently-active virtual environment::

    $ mkdir ~/code/yoursitename
    $ cd ~/code/yoursitename
    $ setvirtualenvproject

Now we can run the ``pelican-quickstart`` command, which will ask some questions
about your site::

    $ pelican-quickstart

Once you finish answering all the questions, you can begin adding content to the
*content* folder that has been created for you. (See *Writing articles using
Pelican* section below for more information about how to format your content.)
Once you have some content to generate, you can convert it to HTML via the
following command::

    $ make html

If you'd prefer to have Pelican automatically regenerate your site every time a
change is detected (handy when testing locally), use the following command
instead::

    $ make regenerate

To serve the site so it can be previewed in your browser at
http://localhost:8000::

    $ make serve

Normally you would need to run ``make regenerate`` and ``make serve`` in two
separate terminal sessions, but you can run both at once via::

    $ make devserver

The above command will simultaneously run Pelican in regeneration mode as well
as serve the output at http://localhost:8000. Once you are done testing your
changes, you should stop the development server via::

    $ ./develop_server.sh stop

When you're ready to publish your site, you can upload it via the method(s) you
chose during the ``pelican-quickstart`` questionnaire. For this example, we'll
use rsync over ssh::

    $ make rsync_upload

That's it! Your site should now be live.

Writing articles using Pelican
==============================

File metadata
--------------

Pelican tries to be smart enough to get the information it needs from the
file system (for instance, about the category of your articles), but some
information you need to provide in the form of metadata inside your files.

You can provide this metadata in reStructuredText text files via the
following syntax (give your file the ``.rst`` extension)::

    My super title
    ##############

    :date: 2010-10-03 10:20
    :tags: thats, awesome
    :category: yeah
    :slug: my-super-post
    :author: Alexis Metaireau
    :summary: Short version for index and feeds

Pelican implements an extension to reStructuredText to enable support for the
``abbr`` HTML tag. To use it, write something like this in your post::

    This will be turned into :abbr:`HTML (HyperText Markup Language)`.

You can also use Markdown syntax (with a file ending in ``.md``, ``.markdown``,
or ``.mkd``). Markdown generation will not work until you explicitly install the
``Markdown`` package, which can be done via ``pip install Markdown``. Metadata
syntax for Markdown posts should follow this pattern::

    Title: My super title
    Date: 2010-12-03 10:20
    Tags: thats, awesome
    Category: yeah
    Slug: my-super-post
    Author: Alexis Metaireau
    Summary: Short version for index and feeds

    This is the content of my super blog post.

Lastly, you can use vanilla HTML (files ending in ``.htm`` and ``.html``). Pelican 
interprets the HTML in a very straightforward manner, reading meta data out
of ``meta`` tags, the title out of the ``title`` tag, and the body out of the 
``body`` tag::

    <html>
        <head>
            <title>My super title</title>
            <meta name="tags" contents="thats, awesome" />
            <meta name="date" contents="2012-07-09 22:28" />
            <meta name="category" contents="yeah" />
            <meta name="author" contents="Alexis Métaireau" />
            <meta name="summary" contents="Short version for index and feeds" />
        </head>
        <body>
            This is the content of my super blog post.
        </body>
    </html>

With HTML, there is one simple exception to the standard metadata.
``tags`` can be specified either with the ``tags`` metadata, as is standard in 
Pelican, or with the ``keywords`` metadata, as is standard in HTML. The two can 
be used interchangeably.

Note that, aside from the title, none of this metadata is mandatory: if the date
is not specified and DEFAULT_DATE is 'fs', Pelican will rely on the file's 
"mtime" timestamp, and the category can be determined by the directory in which 
the file resides. For example, a file located at ``python/foobar/myfoobar.rst`` 
will have a category of ``foobar``.

Note that, aside from the title and date, none of this metadata is mandatory.
If the date is not specified and you have ``DEFAULT_DATE`` set, Pelican will
use that instead, making the ``date`` metadata attribute optional. The category
can be determined by the directory in which the file resides. For example, a
file located at ``python/foobar/myfoobar.rst`` will have a category of
``foobar``. If you would like to organize your files in other ways where the
name of the subfolder would not be a good category name, you can set the
setting ``USE_FOLDER_AS_CATEGORY`` to ``False``. If there is no summary
metadata for a given post, the ``SUMMARY_MAX_LENGTH`` setting can be used to
specify how many words from the beginning of an article are used as the
summary.

You can also extract any metadata from the filename through a regular
expression to be set in the ``FILENAME_METADATA`` setting.
All named groups that are matched will be set in the metadata object. The
default value for the ``FILENAME_METADATA`` setting will only extract the date
from the filename. For example, if you would like to extract both the date and
the slug, you could set something like:
``'(?P<date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})_(?P<slug>.*)'``

Please note that the metadata available inside your files takes precedence over
the metadata extracted from the filename.

Generate your blog
------------------

The ``make`` shortcut commands mentioned in the *Kickstart a blog* section
are mostly wrappers around the ``pelican`` command that generates the HTML from
the content. The ``pelican`` command can also be run directly::

    $ pelican /path/to/your/content/ [-s path/to/your/settings.py]

The above command will generate your weblog and save it in the ``output/``
folder, using the default theme to produce a simple site. The default theme is
simple HTML without styling and is provided so folks may use it as a basis for
creating their own themes.

Pelican has other command-line switches available. Have a look at the help to
see all the options you can use::

    $ pelican --help

Auto-reload
-----------

It's possible to tell Pelican to watch for your modifications, instead of
manually re-running it every time you want to see your changes. To enable this,
run the ``pelican`` command with the ``-r`` or ``--autoreload`` option.

Pages
-----

If you create a folder named ``pages`` inside the content folder, all the
files in it will be used to generate static pages.

Then, use the ``DISPLAY_PAGES_ON_MENU`` setting to add all those pages to
the primary navigation menu.

If you want to exclude any pages from being linked to or listed in the menu
then add a ``status: hidden`` attribute to its metadata. This is useful for
things like making error pages that fit the generated theme of your site.

Linking to internal content
---------------------------

From Pelican 3.1 onwards, it is now possible to specify intra-site links to
files in the *source content* hierarchy instead of files in the *generated*
hierarchy. This makes it easier to link from the current post to other posts
and images that may be sitting alongside the current post (instead of having
to determine where those resources will be placed after site generation).

To link to internal content, use the following syntax:
``|filename|path/to/file``.

For example, you may want to add links between "article1" and "article2" given
the structure::

    website/
    ├── content
    │   ├── article1.rst
    │   └── cat/
    │       └── article2.md
    └── pelican.conf.py

In this example, ``article1.rst`` could look like::

    Title: The first article
    Date: 2012-12-01

    See below intra-site link examples in reStructuredText format.

    `a link relative to content root <|filename|/cat/article2.md>`_
    `a link relative to current file <|filename|cat/article2.md>`_

and ``article2.md``::

    Title: The second article
    Date: 2012-12-01

    See below intra-site link examples in Markdown format.

    [a link relative to content root](|filename|/article1.rst)
    [a link relative to current file](|filename|../article1.rst)

.. note::

    You can use the same syntax to link to internal pages or even static
    content (like images) which would be available in a directory listed in
    ``settings["STATIC_PATHS"]``.

Importing an existing blog
--------------------------

It is possible to import your blog from Dotclear, WordPress, and RSS feeds using
a simple script. See :ref:`import`.

Translations
------------

It is possible to translate articles. To do so, you need to add a ``lang`` meta
attribute to your articles/pages and set a ``DEFAULT_LANG`` setting (which is
English [en] by default). With those settings in place, only articles with the
default language will be listed, and each article will be accompanied by a list
of available translations for that article.

Pelican uses the article's URL "slug" to determine if two or more articles are
translations of one another. The slug can be set manually in the file's
metadata; if not set explicitly, Pelican will auto-generate the slug from the
title of the article.

Here is an example of two articles, one in English and the other in French.

The English article::

    Foobar is not dead
    ##################

    :slug: foobar-is-not-dead
    :lang: en

    That's true, foobar is still alive!

And the French version::

    Foobar n'est pas mort !
    #######################

    :slug: foobar-is-not-dead
    :lang: fr

    Oui oui, foobar est toujours vivant !

Post content quality notwithstanding, you can see that only item in common
between the two articles is the slug, which is functioning here as an
identifier. If you'd rather not explicitly define the slug this way, you must
then instead ensure that the translated article titles are identical, since the
slug will be auto-generated from the article title.

Syntax highlighting
-------------------

Pelican is able to provide colorized syntax highlighting for your code blocks.
To do so, you have to use the following conventions inside your content files.

For reStructuredText, use the code-block directive::

    .. code-block:: identifier

       <indented code block goes here>

For Markdown, include the language identifier just above the code block,
indenting both the identifier and code::

    A block of text.

        :::identifier
        <code goes here>

The specified identifier (e.g. ``python``, ``ruby``) should be one that
appears on the `list of available lexers <http://pygments.org/docs/lexers/>`_.

Publishing drafts
-----------------

If you want to publish an article as a draft (for friends to review before
publishing, for example), you can add a ``status: draft`` attribute to its
metadata. That article will then be output to the ``drafts`` folder and not
listed on the index page nor on any category page.

Viewing the generated files
---------------------------

The files generated by Pelican are static files, so you don't actually need
anything special to see what's happening with the generated files.

You can either use your browser to open the files on your disk::

    firefox output/index.html

Or run a simple web server using Python::

    cd output && python -m SimpleHTTPServer

.. _virtualenv: http://www.virtualenv.org/
.. _virtualenvwrapper: http://www.doughellmann.com/projects/virtualenvwrapper/